隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，液壓傳動技術(shù)在越來越多的領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，針對液壓系統(tǒng)和元件的性能測試工作也越來越頻繁。傳統(tǒng)的液壓綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)臺液壓測試技術(shù)主要依靠試驗(yàn)操作者手動操作，數(shù)據(jù)采集方式為：傳感器+模擬二次儀表。這種試驗(yàn)方法得到的結(jié)果帶有嚴(yán)重的人為誤差，效率低、精度差，而且試驗(yàn)過程繁瑣、分析不便。針對上述情況，本文按照使用方的實(shí)際使用要求，參考國家和行業(yè)的相關(guān)液壓試驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以雙彈車雙缸同步系統(tǒng)及其常用典型液壓元件為試驗(yàn)對象，設(shè)計了一套全新的液壓綜合試驗(yàn)臺系統(tǒng)。 文章從實(shí)際的工程項(xiàng)目出發(fā)，開展了以下設(shè)計和研究工作： (1) 根據(jù)用戶要求并結(jié)合所編寫的試驗(yàn)大綱，設(shè)計了試驗(yàn)臺的液壓系統(tǒng)，針對典型的試驗(yàn)回路，分析了其設(shè)計思想和工作原理。 (2) 液壓綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)臺提出了上位工控機(jī)+下位機(jī)PLC的分級式控制工作方式，論述了PLC控制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用程序的編寫思路，采用基于VB環(huán)境下的模塊化編程方式編寫上位機(jī)應(yīng)用軟件，為保證試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)在采集與分析過程中的真實(shí)性，系統(tǒng)利用上位機(jī)對傳感器信號進(jìn)行了非線性補(bǔ)償、修正，對特性曲線也進(jìn)行了必要的擬合處理等。 (3) 為了保證系統(tǒng)的測試精度，文章對液壓綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)臺系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)性能因素進(jìn)行了分析與研究：建立了回路上主電液換向閥閥芯運(yùn)動的動力學(xué)方程，和由于該閥芯的動作所導(dǎo)致的液壓沖擊過程的數(shù)學(xué)模型，通過對上述數(shù)學(xué)模型的仿真分析，確立了電液換向閥先導(dǎo)控制壓力、主閥芯換向時間、液壓沖擊三者之間的匹配關(guān)系，為不同試驗(yàn)要求下選擇不同的先導(dǎo)控制壓力提供了理論依據(jù)；文章對系統(tǒng)先導(dǎo)式壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥的先導(dǎo)閥芯進(jìn)行了建模與仿真，分析了在壓力沖擊下先導(dǎo)閥芯的動態(tài)響應(yīng)特性，論證了系統(tǒng)壓力調(diào)節(jié)過程中良好的壓力跟隨性能；文章還針對現(xiàn)場調(diào)試過程中測得的主變量泵控制電流與流量之間的關(guān)系曲線進(jìn)行了分析，闡述了該系統(tǒng)良好的流量比例連續(xù)調(diào)節(jié)變化特性。 (4) 通過對現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)過程及結(jié)論的分析，表明雙彈車同步系統(tǒng)液壓綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)臺達(dá)到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計目的，其測試精度達(dá)到C級，完全滿足用戶的使用要求。
With the development of the science and technology, fluid driving is used widely in more and more fields. The function test of hydraulic component is more frequent. The traditional hydraulic technology of test depends on the manual operation, and the way of data collection is sensor and simulation quadric meter. By this means, the factitious error is very serious in conclusion, lower efficiency and precision, and the test process is loaded down with trivial details, not convenient. Aiming at above-mentioned, according to the using demand, referring to interrelated nation and calling hydraulic test criteria, the dissertation designs a set of hydraulic compositive test bed, for the synchronous hydraulic system and the typical hydraulic components of double-bomb transport vehicle as test object.Based on the project of factory, the dissertation will do the design and research as follows:(1) The hydraulic system of test bed is designed according to the using demand and the test outline. Aiming at the typical test circuit, the dissertation analyzes its designing idea and working principle.( 2 ) The dissertation brings forward a grade-pattern automatic control scheme of upper-computer & lower PLC, elaborates the compiling idea of the applied program of PLC control system, adopts programming way of pattern plate to do the applied program of upper computer based on VB. In order to assure the credibility of the test data from sensors in the process of collection and transmission, the sensor signal is compensated non-linearity and modified by upper computer, and the characteristic curve is bedecked.(3 ) In order to assure the test precision of the system, the dissertation goes on analyzing as follows: The paper builds the dynamics model of the valve-core movement and the mathematics model of hydraulic impact resulting from the movement of the valve-core. Through the simulation and analysis, the dissertation sets up the matching relation of precursor control pressure, action time, hydraulic impact, providing theory supporting for choosing difference control pressure under different test require. The dissertation sets up the data model of the precursor core of the pressure valve, analyzes its dynamic response performance under hydraulic impact, proves its good response characteristic. According to analyzing the localABSTRACTtest relation curve about the control electricity and the flow of the variable pump, it proves that the proportion adjusting performance of the variable system is very good.(4) The analysis results for the local test show that the hydraulic compositive test bed of double-bomb transport vehicle attains expected design purpose, and the precision grade attains C.
